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Sub - International Relations Compilation

CA Database

Subject: International Relations LIsts: Compilation Status: Sorted Once

Country Wise Facts

  • India-Oman Relations
    • Sultan Haitham bin Tarik's Visit: First visit to India since assuming power in January 2020.
    • Historic Visits: Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit in 2018; key agreements on trade, defense, and security.
    • Strategic Location: Oman's geographical proximity and strategic ports.
    • Strategic Partnership: Formalized in 2008; focuses on mutual trust and shared interests.
    • Defence and Security: MoU in 2005; joint exercises with all Indian defense forces.
    • Trade: Bilateral trade reached $12.388 billion in FY2022-23; significant Indian investment in Oman.
    • Indian Diaspora: Approximately seven lakh Indians in Oman.
    • Regional Stability: Oman's neutral stance in regional issues.
    • Duqm Port MoU: Landmark in security cooperation; logistics for Indian naval ships.
    • Energy Cooperation: Significant crude oil exports to India; discussions on joint exploration and connectivity projects.
    • RuPay Card Launch: Represents financial cooperation and digital infrastructure integration.
    • IMEEC and SAGE: Potential convergence on a 1400 km gas pipeline project.
  • India-Israel Relations
    • Historical Stance: India initially opposed the two-state solution in 1947.
    • Developments:
      • 1974: Recognition of the Palestinian Liberation Organization.
      • 1992: Upgrade to ambassadorial-level relations with Israel.
      • Influence: Shift due to rising Islamic militancy and Arafat's peaceful approach.
    • Current Status: India maintains ambassadors in both Tel Aviv and Ramallah.
  • India-USA Relations
    1. US-India Technology Exchange: US Delegation of Deputy National Security Advisor discusses technology with the National Security Council
    2. India US
      1. iCET - Indian Intitiative on Critical and Emerging Technology
  • India-Russia Relations
    1. India Russia has “Time Tested Relationshiop”
  • India-Australlia Relations
    1. INDAUS ECTA - 27 Billion to 45-50 Billion - 100% Australlia Tariff Line & India 70% Tariff Line Access
  • India-China Relations
    1. China Accounts for 63% of World Rare Earth Metals
      1. Minsitry of Mine - 33 Minerals Essential for Economy
      2. Indian Rare Earth Limited - Dept of Atomic Energy - Tasked tp Produce Rare Earth Metals
      3. India is a Part of US Led Mineral Security Partnership
    2. China in sthe 2023 CEWC - Said that it wants to shift from Export Led Growth to Domestic Demand Led Growth - Xinpings ‘New Pattern of Development’
      1. China is known as World Manufacturing Hub
      2. Chain maintains a
        1. Prudent Monetary Policy
        2. Proactive Fiscal Policy
  • India-UAE
    1. Deset Cyclone & Zayed Talwar - ilitary Exersice
    2. Defence - BIDEX

Neighbour First Policy (Asia & Pacific)

  • India-Sri Lanka Relations

    1. Land Connectivity:
      • Proposal for a bridge to connect South West India and Trincomalee port in South East Sri Lanka.
      • Funding readiness by the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
    2. Memorandum of Understanding (MOU):
      • MOUs signed with both Sri Lanka and Bangladesh on the same day.
    3. Energy Projects:
      • With Bangladesh: Initiation of the second Rampal Maitree Project (660 MW), accounting for 7000 Million Units.
      • With Sri Lanka: Proposed MOU for transferring 1000 MW of electricity between Madurai (India) and Habarana (Sri Lanka) - project not yet started.
    4. Free Trade Agreement:
      • India-Sri Lanka FTA signed in 1998. Not in Fruit
    5. Trade Statistics:
      • India constitutes 25% of Sri Lanka's total imports.
      • Trade volume with Sri Lanka: $5.45 billion.
      • Trade volume with Bangladesh: $18.14 billion.

  • India-Maldives Relations

    Screenshot 2024-01-09 at 9.19.54 AM.png

    Before Muizzu there was Solih

    Maldives is removing its India first policy. It has said not to renew the Indian hydrographic exploration and also it has decided to give back the send back the Indian troops

    Maldives is a member of Columbus, security, conclave and initiative aimed at enhancing Indian Ocean Maritime security. Its members are India, Sri Lanka, Mauritius.

    It's countermeasure is China, India, Ocean region, Forum and development Corporatio

    1. Hydrographic Survey: Between India and Maldives
    2. South Asia and Anti-India Sentiments: Issues in Maldives and structural changes due to Beijing's influence. The need for external actors in South Asia to counter China's clout.

    Male - Capital & Muizzi

    Maldives action is less of its SOverignity STride & more of being in Bed with China

    “Scientific Research Vessels” of China - Shin Yan Class of Yuanh Wang Seires - Go Unnotices - this will help chain in Anti Submairine TEch

    Hydrography has both - Civil & Miltary Uses

    Makhundoo Atoll is not far from Lafkshwadeep

    UNCLOS Law - Littoral States can do whatver in thie SEZ and Marine waters, Outside that Boundary, Anyone can do anything

    China is Trying to Weaponise Ocean Surveys. FTA with China in 2017

    Strategic Location : Imp SLOC (Sea Lanes of Communication) - Aden Hormuz & Malacca

    Coral Reefs. &Atools - EEZ

    8 Dgree Channel Sparates Mincoy from Maldives

    Indian Investment in Maldives

    Ekuverin, Dosti Ekeatha, Opertion Shield - Military Exersice

    Meets 70% of Military Training Needs MNDF && NCPLE - National College Policing Law Enforcement

    Addu - Reclamation & Shore Protection Project

    GMCP - Greater Male Connectivity by Afcon. LOC of 400 Million from India Connects Male to Vilingli & Gulhifalhu & Thilafushi

    Chinese Investmetb

    BRI - SOP

    Screenshot 2024-01-09 at 9.23.13 AM.png

  • India-Myanmar Relations

    Myanmar's Armed Resistance - Coup by Military Junta

    FMR - Free Movement Regime Aling side the 300 KM Unfenced Broder to End Soon

    FMR in 2018 under Act East Policy, upto 16 KM, One Year Visa, 2 Week Stay

    Assam Rifles Guards it

    SAGR Vision - India Dveloped Sittwe Port to Counter Kyaukpyu POrt of Cina

    Myanmar is Gateway to South East Asia

    India gives Duty Free Tariff Preference as a LDC to Myanmae

    Tamu Kalewa Kamemyo Highway

    Kaldan Multi Modal Transil Transpitt - Cal to Sittwe

    India Myanamr thailand - Asian Trilateral Highway

    India Myanmar Bil Lateral Army Exersice

    2 Billion Dollar Soft Loan to Myanmar

    Myanmar Member of : ASEAN, BIMSTEC & Mekong Ganga Cooperation

  • India-Bangaldesh

    Matarbari Port being connected to North Eastern States of India

    Bangaldeshs First Deep Sea POrt Supported by JICA

South America

  • Venezuela and Guyana Conflict

    IMG_0197.png

    Dispute over Essequibo, with Venezuela claiming it was stolen by Guyana during North South Border made by colonisers. Essequibo has significant oil reserves and constitutes 1/3 of Guyana's territory.

Asia

  • India Korea (N&S)
    1. India's Relations with North & South Korea: Established consular relations in 1962, now full diplomatic relations

Other Initiatives

  • Indian Navy's MILAN Exercise

    The Indian Navy has been hosting MILAN since 1995, a biennial exercise with participation from around 50 countries

  • Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation

    US and China agreed on military-to-military consultations under the Military Maritime Consultative Agreement (MMCA), closed in August 2022 post Nancy Pelosi's visit to Taiwan

  • Trade and Economic Partnership

    Discussions on taper and the bilateral investment treaty (BIT) between India and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) outside the EU.

Random Fact

  • Exchange of Best Practises in HADR - Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief

  • KABIL - Khanij Bidesh India Ltf

    Investment in Fimbala Region of Argentina

  • Reuters Calculation of Oil Deal - Russia 16 to 22% Decrease. KSA 4% Increase

  • India Withdrew from Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership

Groupings With India

  • Supply Chain Resilience Intitiative - India Australlia & Japan
  • QUAD - Australlia India Japan US

  • Red Sea & Houthi Rebbels Issue

    1. Chem Pluto and Sai Baba Merchant Vessels Attacked
      1. India is a Island Country from Trade Perspective
      2. India is a Net Security Provider in Indian Ocean Region
      3. With Himalaya in the North and Hostile Pakistan in the North East, Msot of Indian Trade comes from Sea
    2. According to Warning by USA to Houthi Rebels in Yemen
      1. 12% Seaborne Trade
      2. 8% Grain Trade
      3. 8% LNG Trade is from Red Sea

  • NPT

    1. Post Cuban Missile Crisis - Global Nuclear Order Emerged
    2. Hotline → Nuclear Risk Reduction Centres
    3. NPT - Started with 6- now 191 Entrants
    4. India did not Sign
    5. India Signed India Soviet Frieship Treaty in 1971
    6. 1974 India Did PNE (Peaceful Nuclear Explosion Underground)
    7. London Club didnt like it → Later Became NSG Nucler Supplier Group
    8. US Recinded from
      1. Anti Ballistic Missile Treaty in 2002
      2. INtermediate Range Nuclear Force Treaty in 2019
      3. NEW START in Action but will Lapse in 2029
    9. Russia De Ratified CTBT
    10. Japan is Anti Nuclear but Defence Budget is Increasing

  • Russia-Ukraine Conflict

    1. Territorial Loss: Ukraine has lost approximately 20% of its territory to Russia.
    2. Current Status: Stalemate in the conflict.

  • Israel-Palestine

  • MEA

    1. Diaspora Youth Program : KIP : Know India Program by MEA
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