5 Indian Agriculture - Handwritten Notes

All Are from Handwritten Notes - Indian Agri from Lec 12 to Lec 16

Topics Included Are : Indian Agriculture, Green Revolution, White Revolution, Blue Revolution etc

• Introduction to Indian Agriculture

  1. Agriculture is made up of Two Terms
  2. One is made up of Ager (Soil) and the other is Culture(cultivation)
  3. Hence Agriculture Means the Cultivation of Soil
  4. It is the art, science and business of producing crops and livestock for economic purpose

• Allied Activities of Agri Are

  1. Live Stock
  2. Fisheries
  3. Poultry
  4. Animal Husbandry
  5. Dairy
  6. Horticulture

• Importance of Agri in India

• From Here Onwards from Notes

• Features of Indian Agriculture

  1. 60% of Indian population is directly indirectly dependent on Indian Geography
  2. Since Independence, Either the Farmers Economy is Stagnant or Deteriorating
  3. For thos Farmers who are in boom, have diversification of businesses.
  4. The comparative growth of Indian Agriculture is much less than that of other sectors
  5. India is Importing Oil Seed and Pulses from Other Countries

• Problems of Indian Agriculture

• Cropping Seasons*

  • Rabi
    • What is the Season - Months
    • Example of Crops
  • Kharif
    • What is the Season - Months
    • Example of Crops
  • Zayd
    • What is the Season - Months
    • Example of Crops

• Cropping Pattern

  • Meta

    1. Factors to chose a Cropping Pattern
    2. Examples of things grown in a Cropping Pattern
    3. Govt Intervention in regulation of Cropping Pattern

  • Factors of Cropping Pattern (with Case Studies)

    Geographical Factors

    • Spatial Factors - Space Based (Natural Factors )

      Rainfall

      Moisture Availability

      Soil

      Temperature

      Terrain

    • Temporal Factors - Time Based (Technology Factors)

      1. Before Green Revolution
         1. Western Rajasthan (Semi Arid Area) - Need Less Water
      2. After Green Revolution
         1. Vyas & Sutlej in Harike Diverted to Wetsern Rajasthan by Indira Gandhi Canal
      3. Addition of Technology Brought
         1. Fertilisers
         2. Irrigation

    Non Geographical Factors

    • Availability of Credit Facilities

    • Govt Policies - MSP

    • Socio Religious Factors

      1. Cultivation of Tobacco(Cash Crop)
         1. Not in Punjab
         2. Prominent in Andhra
      2. Milching of Cow
         1. Milk Not Found in Manipur

    • Demand in the Market

  ---

  • Mono Culture
  • Multiple Crops
    • Mixed Cropping
    • Double Cropping
    • Relay Cropping

• Cropping Intensity

  • What is Cropping Intensity

    1. in a given agricultural year, how many times land has been brought under agriculture.
    2. Seasons in a Agricultural Year → Rabi, Kharif, Zayd
    3. Note
       1. Land is Taken in Hectares
       2. Largest Unit is taken in 10 Hectares
    4. Cropping Intensity is calculated by a Formula

    • Formula for Cropping Intensity

      Formula

      $CI =$$Gross Sown Area*100 \above{2pt} NetSownArea$

      CI → Cropping Intensity

      Gross Sown Area → Total Land Brought Under Agriculture

      Net Sown Area → Total Land Available for Agriculture

      Example

      Farmer has : 10 Hectare of Land - Net Sown Area Available

      Rabi Season : Farmer Cultivated 5 Hectare CI - 50%

      Kharif Season : Farmer Cultivated 10 Hectares CI - 100%

      Zayd Season : Farmer Cultivated 5 Hectares CI - 50%

  • High Cropping Intensity

    1. Region
    2. Reasons
    3. Steps for Improvement

  • Low Cropping Intensity

    1. Region
    2. Reasons
    3. Steps for Improvement

• Green Revolution - Plants

  • Achievements

  • Drawbacks

  • Second Green Revolution

    Late President : Dr Kalam on Basis of Organic Fertilisers

• Blue Revolution - Fisheries

• White Revolution - Milk